The Indian joint family has been one of the most significant social institutions shaping kinship, socialization, economic cooperation, and cultural continuity. Traditionally, joint families consisted of multiple generations living together under one roof, sharing resources, responsibilities, and authority. However, modern changes such as urbanization, industrialization, education, migration, and changing occupational patterns have influenced the structure and functioning of joint families. Although these changes have weakened certain traditional features of the joint family, they have not completely led to its disappearance. Urbanization is one of the major factors affecting the joint family system. The growth of cities has created new employment opportunities in industries, services, and professional sectors. As people migrate from villages to urban areas in search of jobs and better living conditions, maintaining large joint households becomes difficult due to limited housing space, high living costs, and demanding work schedules. Nuclear families consisting of parents and children have become more common in urban settings because they provide greater flexibility and mobility. Industrialization has also contributed to