Question
"In small populations, the gene frequencies often tend to drift." Justify the statement giving suitable example.
Answer :
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In small populations, genetic drift can have a more pronounced effect on gene frequencies compared to large populations. This phenomenon occurs because, in small populations, the genetic variation is reduced, and random fluctuations in allele frequencies can lead to significant changes over time, even without natural selection acting on the population. Since the sample size is small, the likelihood of some alleles being passed on to the next generation by chance is higher, leading to a reduction in genetic diversity. For instance, the bottleneck effect is a form of
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