The ideology of the farmers' movements in India after Gandhi was deeply rooted in the principles of non-violence, self-reliance, and social justice. These movements emerged as a response to the persistent exploitation of peasants and small landholders by colonial authorities, zamindars, and later, by post-independence state policies that often favored industrialization over agrarian welfare. Gandhi's influence shaped the philosophical framework of these movements, emphasizing moral courage, peaceful protest, and the pursuit of equitable economic conditions for rural communities. One of the central tenets of the farmers' movements was the demand for fair land distribution and the abolition of exploitative systems like zamindari and excessive taxation. The ideology drew upon Gandhi's vision of Swaraj, which extended beyond political independence to include economic autonomy and the empowerment of the rural population. Leaders of these movements encouraged collective action through non-violent means such as petitions, boycotts, demonstrations, and strikes. The focus was not on confrontation for the sake of conflict but on morally