Freshwater ecosystems include rivers, lakes, ponds, streams, wetlands, reservoirs, floodplains, and groundwater systems. They are among the most valuable natural resources because they provide a wide range of goods and services essential for human survival, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development. In the context of disaster management, healthy freshwater ecosystems reduce disaster risks, enhance resilience, and support recovery after natural hazards. Freshwater ecosystems provide numerous tangible goods that directly support livelihoods and economic activities. The most important good is freshwater itself, which is essential for drinking, cooking, sanitation, irrigation, industrial production, and livestock rearing. Agriculture depends heavily on freshwater for crop cultivation, ensuring food security and rural livelihoods. Fisheries in rivers, lakes, and wetlands provide fish, shellfish, and other aquatic organisms that are important sources of protein and income for millions of people. Freshwater ecosystems also supply aquatic plants used as food, fodder, medicine, and raw materials for handicrafts. Wetlands provide reeds, grasses, bamboo, and timber used for construction and household purposes. Groundwater stored in aquifers serves as a dependable source of water during droughts and dry seasons. Freshwater ecosystems also provide genetic resources, medicinal plants, and ornamental fish that contribute to biodiversity conservation and economic development. Apart from material goods, freshwater ecosystems offer a wide range of ecosystem services that support environmental stability and disaster risk reduction. One of the most significant services is water regulation. Wetlands, floodplains, and lakes absorb excess rainfall and store floodwater, thereby reducing the intensity and frequency of floods. During dry periods,