Landslides are the downward movement of rock, soil, debris, or earth material along a slope under the influence of gravity. They are one of the most destructive geological hazards, causing loss of life, damage to infrastructure, disruption of transportation, and environmental degradation. Landslides occur due to a combination of natural and human-induced factors. Natural causes include heavy rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic activity, weathering, erosion, and steep slopes. Human activities such as deforestation, unplanned construction, mining, quarrying, road cutting, and improper land-use practices often increase the likelihood of slope failures. The general characteristics of landslides include sudden or gradual movement of materials depending on the triggering factors. They commonly occur in hilly and mountainous regions where slopes are steep and geological formations are unstable. Landslides may involve rock falls, debris flows, mudflows, rotational slides, translational slides, or soil creep. The speed of movement varies from slow creep over several years to rapid mass movement occurring within seconds or minutes. Rainfall-induced landslides are common during the monsoon season when excessive water increases pore water pressure and reduces soil strength. Earthquake-induced landslides occur due to ground shaking, which destabilizes slopes. Landslides often block rivers, create temporary dams, alter drainage patterns, destroy vegetation, and trigger secondary disasters such as flash floods. India is highly vulnerable to landslides because of its diverse