Green building represents one of the most significant pathways through which societies can mitigate and adapt to the challenges of climate change. The built environment is responsible for a substantial portion of global energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and resource use. Traditional construction practices, often characterized by excessive reliance on non-renewable resources and inefficient energy systems, have intensified environmental degradation. In contrast, green buildings are designed to minimize negative environmental impacts while maximizing resource efficiency, health benefits, and resilience. Understanding the importance and characteristics of green building is crucial in the context of both reducing climate change drivers and enhancing societies’ ability to adapt to its unavoidable effects. The importance of green building can first be understood through its contribution to climate change mitigation. Buildings are estimated to contribute around 40 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions. By adopting energy-efficient technologies and integrating renewable energy systems such as solar panels, geothermal heating, or wind power, green buildings significantly reduce these emissions. Mitigation strategies embedded in green building practices help lower dependence on fossil fuels, directly addressing one of the core causes of global warming. Furthermore, the construction process itself becomes more sustainable when recycled materials, low-carbon cement, and locally sourced resources are used. Thus, green buildings represent a transformative shift from conventional practices that often prioritize short-term cost savings over long-term ecological balance. Equally important is the role of green building in climate change adaptation. Even as global efforts aim to limit temperature rise, some degree of climate disruption is already unavoidable. Green buildings incorporate design principles that enhance resilience to these disruptions. For example, improved insulation, natural ventilation, and heat-resistant materials help buildings withstand extreme temperature variations. Similarly, green roofs, rainwater harvesting systems, and permeable surfaces contribute to managing stormwater and reducing flood risks in urban areas. By integrating such adaptive features, green buildings not only reduce vulnerability but also ensure that communities remain livable in the face of increasingly frequent climate-related disasters. Another critical dimension of importance is the health and well-being of building occupants. Conventional buildings often compromise indoor air quality due to synthetic materials, inadequate ventilation, or excessive energy use that generates indoor pollutants. In contrast, green buildings emphasize natural lighting, proper ventilation, non-toxic materials, and biophilic