Forest fires, also known as wildfires, are uncontrolled blazes that burn vegetation, forests, and grasslands, often spreading rapidly over large areas. They have occurred naturally throughout history, but in recent decades their frequency and intensity have increased, making them one of the most alarming environmental challenges linked with the impacts of climate change. The causes of forest fires are both natural and human-induced, and their consequences extend beyond the immediate destruction of trees and wildlife. They affect air quality, contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, disrupt ecosystems, and endanger human health and livelihoods. Understanding their causes and consequences in relation to climate change is crucial for developing strategies to reduce their devastating impact. The causes of forest fires can be divided into natural factors and human activities. Natural causes often include lightning strikes, prolonged droughts, and extreme heat waves. Lightning is one of the most common natural triggers, particularly in dry forested areas where a single strike can ignite vast expanses of vegetation. Prolonged droughts dry out leaves, grasses, and forest floor litter, making them highly flammable, while rising global temperatures contribute to these drought conditions. Extreme winds then fuel the spread of fires, causing them to move rapidly and uncontrollably. Human activities, however, are the leading cause of forest fires worldwide. Negligence such as unattended campfires, discarded cigarette butts, and agricultural burning can trigger fires in vulnerable landscapes. In many developing countries, slash-and-burn farming, which involves clearing forest land for cultivation, often spreads beyond control. Industrial activities like logging and mining leave behind debris that becomes fuel for fire. Additionally, deliberate arson, whether for illegal land clearing or other purposes, contributes significantly to fire incidents. With rapid urbanization and expansion of human settlements into forested regions, the risk of fire outbreaks has increased considerably. Climate change has become a critical underlying driver that exacerbates the conditions for forest fires. Rising global temperatures have created hotter and drier environments, lengthening fire seasons and intensifying their frequency. Warmer air holds more moisture, leading to quicker evaporation of water from soil