IGNOU BPVI 12 2026 - Explain the basic principles of a refrigeration system and descr

Question

Explain the basic principles of a refrigeration system and describe the major components involved, highlighting their functions in maintaining required cooling conditions.

06 Mar 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 528

Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from a low temperature region and transferring it to a higher temperature region with the help of mechanical work. In dairy plants, refrigeration is essential for maintaining the quality and safety of milk and milk products. Milk is highly perishable and microbial growth occurs rapidly at normal temperatures, therefore cooling is required immediately after milking and during processing, storage, and transportation. Most dairy refrigeration systems operate on the vapor compression refrigeration cycle, which works on the principle of heat absorption during evaporation and heat rejection during condensation. The basic principle of refrigeration is based on the fact that when a liquid refrigerant evaporates, it absorbs heat from its surroundings. This absorption of heat results in cooling of the environment where the refrigerant evaporates. The refrigerant then carries this absorbed heat to another location where it releases the heat when it condenses back into a liquid. By

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