Karl Marx viewed capitalism as an economic system based on private ownership of the means of production, where society is divided into two major classes: the bourgeoisie, who own factories, land, machinery, and capital, and the proletariat, who own only their labour power. According to Marx, the relationship between capitalism and conflict is fundamental because the interests of these two classes are inherently opposed. Capitalism creates conditions that inevitably generate social, economic, and political conflicts. Marx argued that the bourgeoisie seek to maximize profits by paying workers wages that are lower than the value of the goods and services they produce. The difference between the value created by workers and the wages they receive is known as surplus value. This surplus value becomes the source of profit for capitalists. As a result, workers are exploited because they do not receive the full value of their labour. This exploitation forms the basis of class conflict in