Question

 Examine the role of land reforms and human security in addressing structural
violence and preventing conflicts. Critically analyse their limitations in
contemporary societies.

26 Jun 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 695
Structural violence refers to social, economic, and political arrangements that systematically deprive individuals and communities of their basic rights, opportunities, and resources. It often manifests through unequal access to land, education, healthcare, employment, and political participation. Such inequalities create grievances that may eventually escalate into violent conflicts. Land reforms and human security are two important approaches that seek to reduce structural violence by promoting justice, equity, and inclusive development. Land reforms involve the redistribution of land, recognition of land rights, tenancy reforms, regulation of land ownership, and provision of secure land titles to marginalized communities. Since land is a major source of livelihood, identity, and economic security, unequal ownership often results in exploitation, poverty, and social exclusion. Concentration of land in the hands of a few creates power imbalances, while landlessness increases dependence and vulnerability among the poor. Effective land reforms can reduce structural violence by ensuring fair access to productive resources. Redistribution of land enhances economic opportunities for small farmers, reduces rural poverty, and promotes social justice. Secure land tenure encourages agricultural investment, improves productivity, and strengthens food security. Recognition of indigenous and community land rights also reduces disputes over natural resources and preserves cultural identity. By addressing historical injustices, land reforms contribute to social stability and reduce
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