Question
Evaluate the core objectives of the National Urban Sanitation Policy. To what extent has it
succeeded in transforming urban public health and sanitation behavior?
Answer :
Word Count : 508
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The National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP), launched in 2008, was conceived to address the growing sanitation crisis in rapidly urbanizing India. Its core objectives revolve around achieving open defecation free (ODF) cities, ensuring safe collection, treatment, and disposal of human excreta, promoting integrated city-wide sanitation systems, and improving public health outcomes. The policy also emphasizes behavioral change, community participation, institutional strengthening, and capacity building of urban local bodies (ULBs). It adopts a holistic definition of sanitation, extending beyond toilets to include solid waste management, wastewater treatment, stormwater drainage, and hygiene practices. One of the primary objectives of NUSP is the eradication of open defecation, especially among the urban poor living in slums and informal settlements. By advocating for universal access to toilets and adequate sanitation infrastructure, the policy seeks to ensure dignity,
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