Question
Elaborate the function of ecosystem with neat diagrams.
Answer :
Word Count : 594
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An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature in which living organisms interact with one another and with the physical environment through the exchange of energy and nutrients. It includes biotic components such as producers, consumers, and decomposers, and abiotic components such as sunlight, air, water, soil, and minerals. The functioning of an ecosystem depends on continuous interactions among these components, ensuring ecological balance, sustainability, and the survival of life. The primary function of an ecosystem is energy flow. The sun is the ultimate source of energy for almost all ecosystems. Green plants, known as producers, capture solar energy through photosynthesis and convert it into chemical energy stored in food. Herbivores consume plants, carnivores feed on herbivores, and top predators occupy higher trophic levels. At every stage, a significant portion of energy is lost as heat due to metabolic activities, following the second law of thermodynamics. Therefore, energy flows in a single direction and cannot be recycled. Diagram: Energy Flow ``` Sunlight │ ▼ Producers (Plants)
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