Natural resource management is not only a technical or ecological process but also a deeply social and cultural one. The way societies perceive, use, conserve, and distribute natural resources is strongly influenced by socio-cultural dimensions such as values, traditions, beliefs, social institutions, power relations, and community practices. These dimensions shape human–nature interactions and determine the success or failure of resource management initiatives. Culture plays a crucial role in defining people’s relationship with natural resources. Many communities, especially indigenous and traditional societies, view land, forests, water, and wildlife as sacred entities rather than mere economic assets. Cultural beliefs, rituals, and customary laws often promote conservation and sustainable use. Sacred groves, holy rivers, and protected species are examples where cultural norms have historically ensured resource protection without formal regulations. Such cultural practices contribute to biodiversity conservation and ecological balance while reinforcing community identity and continuity. Social structures and institutions significantly influence access to and control over natural resources.