B.R. Ambedkar’s viewpoint on the Hindu social order is deeply critical and analytical, grounded in his understanding of history, law, and social justice. He regarded the Hindu social order as a structure deeply intertwined with the caste system, which he saw as the foundation of social inequality in India. According to Ambedkar, the caste system was not merely a social distinction but a rigid hierarchical order that was codified and perpetuated through religious texts such as the Manusmriti. This hierarchical structure, in his view, was designed to maintain Brahmanical supremacy and to ensure the systematic oppression of lower castes, particularly the Shudras and the Untouchables (Dalits). Ambedkar’s analysis of the Hindu social order was rooted in the historical evolution of caste. He argued that caste in Hindu society was not merely a division of labor but a division of rights, privileges, and power. The Brahmins, as the priestly class, occupied the apex of the social hierarchy and exercised control over religious, educational, and social norms. The Kshatriyas and Vaishyas held intermediate positions, while the Shudras were subjected to subordination. The Untouchables, or “Chandalas” as referred to in ancient texts, were placed outside the social and moral framework, denied basic human dignity and social rights. Ambedkar emphasized that this was not a temporary anomaly but a structural feature of the Hindu social order, sustained over centuries through religious sanction and social custom. He identified religious sanction as a key mechanism through which the caste system persisted. Texts such as the Manusmriti and other Dharmashastras provided a divine rationale for social discrimination. Ambedkar highlighted that these texts codified inequalities by prescribing occupational roles, prohibiting social mobility, and enforcing strict endogamy. Marriage across caste lines was forbidden, inter-dining and shared religious practices