Question

Differentiate between Quadratic-time and Exponential-time algorithms. Give example of one problem each for these two running times.

18 Feb 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 630
In the study of Design and Analysis of Algorithms, the running time of an algorithm plays a crucial role in determining its efficiency and practicality. Two important categories of time complexity are quadratic-time algorithms and exponential-time algorithms. These two classes differ significantly in terms of growth rate, scalability, and suitability for large input sizes. A quadratic-time algorithm is one whose running time grows proportionally to the square of the input size. It is usually expressed using Big-O notation as O(n²), where n represents the size of the input. This means that if the input size doubles, the running time increases by approximately four times. Quadratic-time complexity often arises in algorithms that use nested loops, where each loop runs n times. Although such algorithms are manageable for small to medium-sized inputs, their performance degrades noticeably as input size increases. A common example of a quadratic-time algorithm is the Bubble Sort algorithm. In Bubble Sort, each element in the list is compared with adjacent elements, and swapping is performed if they are in the wrong order. For an
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