Action research is a reflective process used to improve practices, solve problems, or bring about changes in specific contexts. It is a cyclic, participatory method of research where practitioners identify a problem, implement a solution, and evaluate its effectiveness. The process is intended to foster continuous improvement and can be applied in various fields, including education, business, and community development. The steps involved in carrying out an action research project are typically systematic and include several key stages: identifying the problem, reviewing existing knowledge, planning, implementing, observing, analyzing, and reflecting. The first step in action research is identifying the problem or issue. In an educational context, this might involve a teacher noticing that students are struggling with reading comprehension. Identifying the issue involves careful observation, discussions with colleagues, or reviewing student assessments to pinpoint the exact nature of the problem. For instance, a teacher might find that while students can decode words, they have difficulty understanding the content of the text. This initial identification can lead to a more specific research question, such as “What teaching strategies can improve reading comprehension among grade 4 students?” After identifying the problem, the next step