Question
Describe Douglas McGregor’s Theory ‘X ‘and Theory ‘Y’.
Answer :
Word Count : 546
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Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y are important contributions to Administrative Theory and the study of human behaviour in organisations. McGregor presented these theories in his influential work *The Human Side of Enterprise* (1960). He argued that managers’ assumptions about human nature strongly influence their leadership style, organisational practices, motivation techniques and employee performance. Theory X and Theory Y represent two contrasting sets of assumptions about employees. Theory X is based on a relatively negative view of human nature. According to this perspective, employees generally dislike work and may try to avoid it whenever possible. Since work is considered unpleasant, managers cannot assume that employees will voluntarily work towards organisational objectives. Employees are therefore believed to require close supervision, direction and control. They may need to be compelled, directed or threatened with punishment to ensure that organisational goals are achieved. Theory
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