Question
Define Hepatic encephalopathy and its concept.
Answer :
Word Count : 505
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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex, potentially reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome that occurs in patients with severe liver dysfunction, particularly in advanced liver disease and cirrhosis. It results from the accumulation of toxic substances, especially ammonia, in the blood and brain because the diseased liver cannot adequately metabolize or remove them. These substances interfere with normal brain function and produce a range of neurological and psychological abnormalities, from subtle changes in behaviour and concentration to confusion, altered consciousness, and coma. The concept of hepatic encephalopathy is based mainly on the relationship between impaired hepatic function, accumulation of neurotoxins, and altered cerebral activity. Normally, ammonia is produced in the intestine through the breakdown
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