Cyber crimes have emerged as a significant negative consequence of the rapid proliferation of computers and the Internet, affecting individuals, organizations, and governments worldwide. With increasing dependence on digital technologies for communication, commerce, banking, and governance, vulnerabilities have also expanded, providing opportunities for malicious actors to exploit systems for illegal purposes. The anonymity, speed, and global reach of the Internet make cyber crimes particularly complex and difficult to control, thereby reinforcing the view that they are indeed an adverse effect of technological advancement. One of the most common forms of cyber crime is hacking, which involves unauthorized access to computer systems or networks. Hackers may steal, modify, or destroy data, often targeting sensitive information such as financial records, personal identities, or corporate secrets. Closely related to hacking is data theft, where confidential information is extracted for financial gain or espionage. Identity theft is another major concern, where criminals use stolen personal information to impersonate individuals, leading to financial fraud and reputational damage. Phishing is a widespread cyber crime that involves deceiving users into