Question
Critically examine the evolution of the idea of peace in the Indian tradition, from
scriptural teachings to the contributions of saints.
Answer :
Word Count : 573
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## Evolution of the Idea of Peace in the Indian Tradition The idea of peace in the Indian tradition has evolved through a long intellectual and spiritual journey, beginning with the Vedic and Upanishadic scriptures and later developing through Buddhism, Jainism, and the teachings of saints and social reformers. Indian thought generally treats peace not merely as the absence of war but as a positive condition of inner harmony, social justice, ethical conduct, and peaceful coexistence. In the Vedic tradition, peace is associated with harmony between human beings, nature, society, and the cosmic order. The famous *Shanti Mantras* repeatedly invoke peace for the earth, atmosphere, heavens, plants, animals, and all living beings. The idea that human welfare is interconnected with the larger universe is expressed in prayers such as “Sarve Bhavantu Sukhinah,” which seeks happiness and well-being for all. Thus, peace was conceived as a universal rather than an exclusively individual or political value. The Upanishads deepened this understanding by shifting attention towards the inner self. They emphasized self-knowledge, control of desires,
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