The family and community structures in contemporary India are undergoing significant transformation due to urbanisation, industrialisation, education, migration, technological development and changing social values. These changes have influenced interpersonal relationships, social cohesion, conflict patterns and mechanisms of peace-building. Traditionally, the Indian family was largely organised around the joint family system, characterised by collective living, shared resources, intergenerational relationships and mutual responsibilities. Community life was similarly based on neighbourhood ties, caste and occupational networks, village institutions and customary practices. These structures often provided social security and informal mechanisms for resolving disputes. Elders, community leaders and local institutions played important roles in mediation and maintaining social harmony. However, these arrangements could also reinforce hierarchy, patriarchy, caste discrimination and unequal power relations. Contemporary India has witnessed a gradual movement from joint to nuclear families, particularly in urban and economically mobile sections. Smaller families provide greater privacy, autonomy and flexibility, while women and younger generations increasingly seek independent decision-making. At the same time, migration for education and employment has created geographically dispersed families. Digital communication helps maintain