IGNOU BFADC 101 2026 - Cotton fibre – structure and properties

Question

Cotton fibre – structure and properties

03 Aug 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 747

Cotton is the most widely used natural cellulosic fibre in the textile industry because of its versatility, comfort, durability, and excellent processing characteristics. It is obtained from the seed hairs of the cotton plant belonging to the genus *Gossypium*. Cotton fibres develop as single elongated cells from the surface of the seed coat. Their unique structural features and physical as well as chemical properties make them suitable for a wide variety of textile applications, ranging from apparel and household textiles to medical and industrial products. The structure of cotton fibre can be studied under both the microscope and at the molecular level. A mature cotton fibre is a single elongated cell consisting mainly of cellulose, which forms about 90–95% of its composition. The remaining constituents include moisture, waxes, proteins, pectins, mineral matter, and natural colouring substances. The fibre is covered with a thin outer protective layer called the cuticle, which contains waxes and pectic substances. Beneath the cuticle lies the primary wall, composed of

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