Question
Briefly explain factors affecting lung functions.
Answer :
Word Count : 701
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फेफड़ों का कार्य मुख्य रूप से शरीर को ऑक्सीजन उपलब्ध कराना तथा कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड को बाहर निकालना है। फेफड़ों की कार्यक्षमता को कई जैविक, पर्यावरणीय, शारीरिक तथा जीवनशैली संबंधी कारक प्रभावित करते हैं। इन कारकों के प्रभाव से श्वसन क्षमता, फेफड़ों का आयतन, गैसों का आदान-प्रदान तथा समग्र श्वसन दक्षता में परिवर्तन होता है। आयु फेफड़ों की कार्यक्षमता का प्रमुख निर्धारक है। बचपन और किशोरावस्था में फेफड़ों का विकास निरंतर होता है तथा उनकी क्षमता बढ़ती है। युवावस्था में फेफड़ों की कार्यक्षमता सर्वोच्च स्तर पर होती है, जबकि बढ़ती आयु के साथ फेफड़ों की लोच कम होने लगती है, श्वसन मांसपेशियाँ कमजोर होती हैं तथा वायु प्रवाह में कमी आती है। लिंग भी फेफड़ों की कार्यक्षमता को प्रभावित करता है। सामान्यतः पुरुषों में शरीर का आकार और वक्षीय गुहा अपेक्षाकृत बड़ी होने के कारण फेफड़ों का आयतन तथा श्वसन क्षमता महिलाओं की तुलना में अधिक होती है। हालांकि समान शारीरिक आकार वाले व्यक्तियों में यह अंतर कम हो जाता है। शरीर की ऊँचाई और संरचना का भी महत्वपूर्ण
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