IGNOU MVE 2 2026 - Write briefly about antifungal agents.

Question

Write briefly about antifungal agents.

10 May 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 321

Antifungal agents are a class of drugs used to treat infections caused by fungi, including yeasts and molds. These infections can affect the skin, nails, mucous membranes, or internal organs, depending on the type of fungus and the host's immune status. In pharmacology and toxicology, antifungal agents are classified based on their mechanism of action and chemical structure. The main classes include polyenes, azoles, echinocandins, and allylamines. Polyenes, such as amphotericin B and nystatin, bind to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, creating pores that lead to leakage of cellular contents and cell death. Azoles, including fluconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole, inhibit the enzyme lanosterol 14α-demethylase, which is crucial for ergosterol synthesis, disrupting

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