Representations of consumption in the modern world refer to the ways in which the act of buying, using, displaying and experiencing goods and services has been portrayed in society, culture, literature, art and mass media. Consumption is not merely an economic activity; it has increasingly become a means through which individuals express identity, social status, aspirations and belonging. The rise of industrial capitalism, urbanisation and mass production transformed consumption from a limited activity of elites into a central feature of modern social life. The Industrial Revolution played a major role in changing patterns of consumption. The growth of factories enabled the large-scale production of affordable goods such as textiles, household products and later automobiles and electrical appliances. Expanding markets and rising incomes created new consumers. Department stores, catalogues, advertising and modern retailing developed alongside industrialisation and represented consumption as a source of comfort, pleasure and