Traditional retail formats have been the backbone of retailing for centuries. These formats include the small, family-owned shops, mom-and-pop stores, street vendors, and traditional markets where personal interactions between the seller and buyer play a significant role. In these settings, the retailer is usually directly involved in the sale process, often offering a limited range of products. Examples of traditional retail formats include grocery stores, apparel stores, and general merchandise stores that are independently owned and operated. Such stores typically rely on face-to-face customer service, personal relationships, and community ties to build customer loyalty. The shopping experience is often informal, and the customer’s purchase decision is influenced by direct interaction with the retailer. The distinguishing feature of traditional retail formats is their limited scalability and reliance on physical stores, which restricts their reach and product offerings. Many of these formats also have limited marketing budgets and often rely on word-of-mouth and repeat customers. Moreover, traditional stores tend to have fixed operating hours, meaning the customer’s shopping experience is confined to those hours. Modern retail formats, on the other hand, have evolved with changes in consumer behavior, technological advancements, and the global expansion of brands. Modern retail formats include chain stores, superstores, shopping malls, e-commerce platforms, and large-format retail stores. These formats use sophisticated