Digestion is the physiological process by which the body breaks down food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed and utilized for energy, growth, and maintenance of body functions. It involves both mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical digestion starts in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, which initiates the breakdown of starch into maltose. The tongue helps in forming a bolus that is easily swallowed, passing through the esophagus via peristaltic movements into the stomach. In the stomach, mechanical digestion continues through churning and mixing of food with gastric juices. Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, which lowers the pH and helps in denaturing proteins, and pepsin, an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. The partially digested food, called chyme, then moves into the small intestine, which is the major site for chemical digestion and absorption. In the small intestine, digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver play a crucial