Question
फलों और सब्ज़ियों के क्रियात्मक गुणों की व्याख्या करें।
Answer :
Word Count : 928
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फलों और सब्ज़ियों के क्रियात्मक गुण मानव स्वास्थ्य, पोषण तथा शारीरिक क्रियाओं के सुचारू संचालन में अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते हैं। इन्हें क्रियात्मक भोजन (functional foods) की श्रेणी में इस आधार पर रखा जाता है कि इनमें उपस्थित जैव सक्रिय घटक (bioactive compounds) शरीर में केवल ऊर्जा या पोषण देने का कार्य नहीं करते, बल्कि रोगों की रोकथाम, प्रतिरक्षा को बढ़ाने, पाचन तंत्र को सुधारने तथा शारीरिक संतुलन बनाए रखने में भी सहायता करते हैं। मानव शरीर की विभिन्न प्रणालियाँ जैसे- हृदय प्रणाली, तंत्रिका तंत्र, पाचन प्रणाली, उत्सर्जन प्रणाली और प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली फल एवं सब्ज़ियों में पाए जाने वाले पोषक तत्वों के साथ सक्रिय रूप से कार्य करती हैं। इसी कारण विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन (WHO) दैनिक आहार में कम से कम 400 ग्राम फल और सब्ज़ियों का सेवन अनिवार्य मानता है। फलों और सब्ज़ियों का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण क्रियात्मक गुण उनका विटामिन और खनिज तत्वों का समृद्ध स्रोत होना है। विटामिन C, विटामिन A, विटामिन E, विटामिन K, फोलिक एसिड, पोटैशियम, कैल्शियम, मैग्नीशियम तथा आयरन जैसे micronutrients शरीर में एंटी–ऑक्सीडेंट के रूप में कार्य करते हैं। एंटी–ऑक्सीडेंट मुक्त कणों (free radicals) को निष्क्रिय करते हैं जो कोशिकाओं को क्षति पहुँचाकर कैंसर, हृदय रोग, मधुमेह और समय से पहले बुढ़ापे का कारण बनते हैं। उदाहरण के लिए, अमरूद, मौसमी, संतरा, नींबू, पपीता और स्ट्रॉबेरी में
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