IGNOU BPVI 17 2026 - Explain the precautions to be followed while collectin

Question

Explain the precautions to be followed while collecting samples for microbiological analysis of milk and milk products. Describe the important chemical and microbiological tests conducted on raw milk before its acceptance in a dairy plant.

06 Mar 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 511

Proper sample collection is a critical step in ensuring accurate microbiological analysis of milk and milk products, as any contamination during sampling can lead to erroneous results. While collecting milk samples, it is essential to maintain strict hygiene. The utensils and containers used for sampling should be thoroughly cleaned, sanitized, and preferably sterilized to prevent any introduction of external microbes. Hands should be washed and gloved, and the work area must be clean and free from dust or other contaminants. Samples should be taken from representative points, ensuring that they accurately reflect the bulk milk or milk product batch. For raw milk, it is important to mix the milk thoroughly before sampling to distribute fat and microbial populations evenly. Samples should be collected in sterile bottles or vials, properly labeled with relevant information such as date, time, source, and batch number, and immediately sealed to prevent exposure to air or external contamination. Temperature control is crucial; milk samples should be kept chilled, ideally between 0–4°C, to inhibit microbial growth before analysis. Transportation of samples to the laboratory should be done quickly and under refrigeration

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