Question
. Examine the impact of unplanned urban expansion on local ecosystems and natural
resources. Highlight the role of climate-resilient planning in preserving urban biodiversity.
Answer :
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Unplanned urban expansion refers to the rapid and uncontrolled growth of cities without adequate consideration of land-use regulations, environmental capacity, infrastructure, and ecological conditions. It has significant impacts on local ecosystems and natural resources. As cities expand into surrounding agricultural lands, forests, wetlands, grasslands, and riverbanks, natural habitats are fragmented or destroyed. This reduces ecological stability and threatens biodiversity by disturbing the habitats of birds, insects, mammals, reptiles, and plant species. One of the major impacts of unplanned urbanisation is the loss of natural vegetation. The conversion of forests and open spaces into residential colonies, roads, industries, and commercial areas reduces green cover and wildlife habitats. Habitat fragmentation isolates species and disrupts migration, breeding,
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