Environmental audit is a systematic, documented, periodic and objective evaluation of how well environmental organization, management systems and equipment are performing with the aim of safeguarding the environment. It assesses compliance with environmental laws and regulations, evaluates the effectiveness of environmental management practices, and identifies areas for improvement. Within the framework of Environmental Law and Management, environmental audit serves as an essential tool to ensure that industries, institutions and projects operate in accordance with statutory requirements and sustainable development principles. An environmental audit examines various aspects such as air and water pollution control, waste management, hazardous substance handling, energy consumption, resource utilization and occupational health and safety related to environmental factors. It may be conducted internally by the organization or externally by independent auditors. In many jurisdictions, environmental auditing is either mandated under environmental protection laws or strongly encouraged as part of environmental management systems like ISO 14001. The protocol of environmental audit follows a structured process. The first stage is pre-audit preparation, which involves defining the scope and objectives of the audit, identifying applicable environmental laws and standards, forming the audit team, and reviewing relevant documents such as environmental clearances, consent orders, permits, previous audit reports and monitoring data. A well-defined audit plan is