The concept of the globalization index emerges from the need to quantify and systematically assess the multifaceted phenomenon of globalization. Globalization, in its broadest sense, represents the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries across economic, social, political, and cultural dimensions. It is a process driven by the flow of goods, services, capital, people, technology, information, and ideas across national borders. However, the intensity, scope, and impacts of globalization are not uniform across countries or regions, making it necessary to have tools that can capture and compare the degree of global integration. The globalization index serves as one such instrument, providing a composite measure that reflects the extent to which nations are integrated into the global system. The globalization index is generally constructed using multiple dimensions that collectively capture the economic, social, and political aspects of globalization. The economic dimension focuses on trade openness, foreign direct investment, portfolio investment, and cross-border flows of goods and services. Social globalization encompasses indicators such as international tourism, cross-border communication, migration, cultural proximity, and the global diffusion of information and media. Political globalization measures the degree of engagement in international treaties, memberships in international organizations, participation in global governance structures, and diplomatic interactions. By combining these dimensions into a single index, policymakers, researchers, and international organizations can better understand the relative position of a country in the global network, track changes over time, and assess the potential benefits and risks associated with global interconnectedness. One of the most widely referenced frameworks for measuring globalization is the KOF Globalization Index, which was developed by the Swiss Economic Institute. The KOF index integrates economic, social, and political dimensions into a composite score that allows comparisons between countries. Economically, it evaluates factors such as trade and financial flows, tariffs, and restrictions on foreign investment. Socially, it considers information flows, cultural integration, and the movement of people. Politically, it examines international treaties, organizations, and diplomatic engagement. By providing a multi-dimensional approach, the index captures the complexity of globalization, recognizing that it is not solely an economic phenomenon but also a socio-cultural and political process. The significance of the globalization index can be critically assessed from several perspectives. First, it serves as an analytical tool that enables policymakers to identify strengths, weaknesses, and vulnerabilities in a country’s global integration. For instance, a high economic globalization score accompanied by a low social globalization score may indicate that while a country is economically interconnected, it has limited exposure to international cultural exchange, migration, or global information flows. This imbalance can have policy implications, particularly when designing strategies to promote inclusive globalization that benefits multiple layers of society. Second, the globalization index helps to elucidate the relationship between globalization and sustainable development. Globalization has often been criticized for exacerbating inequality, environmental degradation, and social dislocation, yet it can also provide opportunities for technology transfer, knowledge sharing, and collaborative approaches to global challenges such as climate change. By quantifying a country’s position on the globalization spectrum, the index allows researchers to study correlations between globalization and key sustainability indicators. For example, countries with higher social and political globalization scores may be better positioned to adopt global environmental standards or engage in international climate initiatives. Conversely, countries with low scores