Dissociative amnesia is a dissociative disorder characterized by an inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually related to traumatic or stressful events, that cannot be explained by ordinary forgetfulness or a neurological condition. The memory loss is too extensive to be considered normal and causes significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or personal functioning. The forgotten information mainly involves personal experiences rather than general knowledge or learned skills. This condition is considered a psychological defense mechanism in which distressing memories are kept out of conscious awareness to protect the individual from overwhelming emotional pain. The exact cause of dissociative amnesia is not fully understood, but it is commonly associated with severe psychological trauma. Experiences such as physical abuse, sexual abuse, war, natural disasters, accidents, violence, or the sudden loss of a loved one may trigger the disorder. Individuals with high levels of stress, emotional conflict, or a history of childhood trauma are at greater risk. Some people also have a greater tendency toward dissociation, making them more vulnerable when exposed to extreme emotional stress. Different patterns of memory loss are observed in dissociative amnesia. Localized amnesia involves the inability to remember events occurring during a specific period, often immediately after a traumatic incident. Selective amnesia refers to remembering only some aspects of an event while