Participatory risk assessment methods are community-centered approaches that actively involve local people in identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing risks affecting their lives, livelihoods, and environment. These methods recognize that communities possess rich indigenous knowledge about local hazards, vulnerabilities, and coping strategies. In the context of Risk Assessment and Vulnerability Analysis, participatory approaches enhance accuracy, ownership, transparency, and sustainability of risk reduction measures. One widely used method is Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). PRA employs tools such as social mapping, resource mapping, seasonal calendars, transect walks, and problem ranking. Social mapping helps identify vulnerable households, marginalized groups, and critical infrastructure. Resource mapping highlights natural and physical assets exposed to hazards. Seasonal calendars reveal patterns of floods, droughts, diseases, or income fluctuations across the year. Transect walks allow community members and facilitators to observe risk-prone areas directly. These tools collectively generate a comprehensive understanding of exposure, sensitivity, and coping capacity. Hazard mapping is another important participatory method. Community members collaboratively draw maps showing locations of past disasters such as flood-prone zones, landslide areas, cyclone shelters, drainage patterns, and safe routes. By visualizing hazard hotspots, communities can identify high-risk zones and prioritize mitigation measures. Hazard mapping also strengthens preparedness planning by identifying evacuation routes