Stress proneness, or the susceptibility of an individual to experience stress in response to internal or external demands, is influenced by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. Understanding these factors from the perspective of psychology for health and well-being is essential because stress, when chronic, can significantly impact physical health, mental well-being, and overall quality of life. One of the most significant contributors to stress proneness is personality traits. Individuals with certain personality characteristics, such as high neuroticism, low conscientiousness, or low emotional stability, are more likely to perceive situations as threatening or overwhelming, which increases their susceptibility to stress. For example, people high in neuroticism often experience intense emotional responses to minor stressors and may ruminate on negative events, thereby prolonging the stress response and reducing their psychological resilience. In contrast, traits like optimism, high self-efficacy, and adaptability are protective factors that reduce stress proneness by enabling individuals to interpret challenges as manageable and by fostering effective coping strategies. Another major contributor is cognitive appraisal, which refers to the way an individual evaluates a situation. According to Lazarus and Folkman’s transactional model of stress, stress arises not solely from the external situation but from the individual’s perception of threat and their perceived ability to cope. Individuals who consistently appraise events as harmful or exceeding their coping resources are more likely to develop stress-related symptoms. Cognitive biases, such as catastrophizing or overgeneralization, can amplify stress proneness by magnifying perceived threats. Likewise, deficits in problem-solving skills or poor decision-making abilities can leave individuals feeling powerless, increasing their vulnerability to stress. Biological and genetic factors also play a crucial role in stress proneness. Research in psychoneuroendocrinology shows that variations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can influence how an individual responds to stress. Individuals with heightened HPA reactivity