Urban geography is a branch of human geography that deals with the study of cities and urban settlements, focusing on their origin, growth, spatial structure, functions, and the complex relationships between urban spaces and society. It examines how economic, social, cultural, political, and environmental processes shape cities and how cities, in turn, influence human behavior and regional development. Urban geography is concerned not only with the physical layout of cities but also with patterns of land use, population distribution, infrastructure, housing, transport, and urban problems such as congestion, pollution, poverty, and inequality. The approach to the study of urban geography has undergone significant changes over time, reflecting broader developments in geographical thought and societal needs. In its early phase, urban geography followed a descriptive and regional approach. Cities were studied as unique entities within specific regions, emphasizing their historical evolution, site and situation, and morphological features. Scholars focused on describing urban forms, street patterns, and functional zones, often influenced by environmental determinism and possibilism. This approach provided valuable empirical information but lacked theoretical depth and generalization. With the advancement of geography as a scientific discipline,