The relationship between religion and economy has been a major concern in the sociology of religion because both institutions significantly shape human behavior, social organization, and patterns of development. Religion influences economic values, work ethics, consumption, savings, and distribution of wealth, while economic structures affect religious beliefs, practices, and institutions. Sociologists have interpreted this relationship differently, highlighting both mutual influence and conflict. Max Weber provided one of the most influential analyses of the relationship between religion and economy in his work *The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism*. Weber argued that certain religious beliefs, particularly those of Calvinist Protestantism, encouraged disciplined work, thrift, rationality, and the reinvestment of profits. The Protestant doctrine of calling viewed work as a moral duty, while the belief in predestination motivated believers to seek signs of salvation through worldly success. According to Weber, these religious values contributed significantly to the emergence and development of modern capitalism in Western Europe. However, Weber did not claim that religion alone created capitalism but emphasized that it acted as an important cultural factor alongside political, technological, and economic conditions. Karl Marx presented a contrasting perspective. He regarded religion as part of the ideological superstructure shaped by the economic base. According to Marx, religion legitimizes economic inequalities by encouraging the oppressed to accept suffering with the promise of rewards in the afterlife. He described religion as the "opium of the people" because it diverts attention from material exploitation. From this perspective,