Mahatma Gandhi’s educational philosophy, popularly known as Nai Talim or Basic Education, was rooted in the idea that education should be holistic, self-reliant, and closely connected with life. He believed that true education draws out the best in the child—body, mind, and spirit—and should not be confined merely to literacy or bookish knowledge. In contrast to the colonial system of education prevalent in his time, which emphasized rote learning and clerical skills to serve administrative needs, Gandhi proposed an education system that was child-centered, activity-based, and socially purposeful. A central feature of Gandhi’s philosophy was the integration of productive manual work with intellectual learning. He advocated that craft should be the medium of instruction. For example, spinning, weaving, agriculture, carpentry, or pottery were not merely vocational skills but tools to teach mathematics, science, language, and social studies in an integrated manner. If students were engaged in weaving, they could learn measurement and calculation through counting threads,