India's target of achieving 30% electric vehicle (EV) sales penetration by 2030 is an ambitious goal aimed at reducing the nation’s dependence on fossil fuels, minimizing environmental pollution, and driving the growth of the electric vehicle sector. However, despite its potential benefits, the pathway to achieving this target is fraught with challenges that need to be addressed in terms of infrastructure, policy, consumer adoption, and technology. One of the primary challenges lies in the lack of adequate charging infrastructure. For EVs to become a viable alternative to traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, a widespread, reliable, and easily accessible charging network is essential. In India, the current EV charging infrastructure is limited, particularly in rural areas and smaller cities. Charging stations are mostly concentrated in major urban centers, leaving a significant portion of the population without easy access to charging points. Building an extensive and efficient network of charging stations across the country, especially in rural and remote areas, requires substantial investment and coordination between the government and private enterprises. The lack of sufficient charging infrastructure leads to another significant issue: range anxiety. Many potential EV buyers are concerned about the limited range of electric vehicles, especially in a vast country like India, where long-distance travel is common. Even though advancements in battery technology are improving EV range, there is still a perception that EVs are not suitable for long trips, especially if there is no guarantee of a nearby charging station. To overcome this challenge, a fast-growing, dependable charging network is crucial to assure potential buyers that they will not be stranded on the road. Another challenge relates to the high upfront cost of electric vehicles. Despite a decreasing trend in EV