Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing global challenges, with consequences that disproportionately affect vulnerable populations, particularly women and children. These groups are more susceptible to climate-induced risks due to pre-existing social, economic, and cultural inequalities. Understanding the gendered and age-specific impacts of climate change is essential for developing effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Women, especially in developing countries, are often at the frontline of climate impacts due to their roles in households and communities. They are primarily responsible for collecting water, fuel, and food, activities that are heavily affected by climate-related disruptions such as droughts, floods, and changing agricultural patterns. For instance, prolonged droughts increase the distance and time required to fetch water, exposing women to physical exhaustion, heightened health risks, and even violence. Additionally, women’s agricultural work is often marginalized and less remunerated, which diminishes their ability to recover economically from climate-induced crop failures or livestock losses. This economic vulnerability exacerbates existing gender inequalities and restricts their access to resources and decision-making processes related to climate adaptation. Children are particularly sensitive to climate change due to their physiological and developmental characteristics. Extreme weather events, malnutrition, and the spread of climate-sensitive diseases directly affect their physical health and cognitive development. For example, heatwaves can lead to dehydration and heat stress, while flooding and water scarcity increase the prevalence of waterborne diseases such as diarrhea and cholera. Malnutrition, aggravated by declining food security, can have long-term consequences for child growth and learning abilities. Additionally, disruptions to schooling caused by climate-related disasters impact educational outcomes, limiting future opportunities and perpetuating cycles of poverty and vulnerability. Climate change also amplifies social inequalities, often increasing the risk of exploitation and violence against women and children. During and after natural disasters, displacement and the breakdown of social structures expose