Question
राजनीति क्या है? व्याख्या कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 860
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Skip in 10
राजनीति मनुष्य के सामूहिक जीवन से जुड़ी एक मूलभूत और व्यापक प्रक्रिया है, जिसके माध्यम से समाज में सत्ता, संसाधनों और मूल्यों के वितरण तथा उनके प्रयोग को नियंत्रित किया जाता है। यह केवल सरकार, चुनाव या राजनीतिक दलों तक सीमित नहीं है, बल्कि मानव समाज के हर उस क्षेत्र में विद्यमान है जहाँ निर्णय लिए जाते हैं, मतभेद उत्पन्न होते हैं और उन्हें सुलझाने के प्रयास किए जाते हैं। राजनीति का संबंध शक्ति से है, क्योंकि शक्ति के बिना न तो निर्णय लागू किए जा सकते हैं और न ही सामाजिक व्यवस्था को बनाए रखा जा सकता है। इसी कारण राजनीति को सामाजिक जीवन की अनिवार्य और निरंतर चलने वाली प्रक्रिया माना जाता है। राजनीति की परिभाषा को लेकर विद्वानों में मतभेद रहे हैं। अरस्तू ने राजनीति को “राज्य के कार्यों का अध्ययन” माना और मनुष्य को ‘राजनीतिक प्राणी’ कहा, क्योंकि वह समाज और राज्य के बिना अपना पूर्ण विकास नहीं कर सकता। उनके अनुसार राजनीति का उद्देश्य ‘सद्जीवन’ की प्राप्ति है, अर्थात ऐसा जीवन जिसमें नैतिकता, न्याय और कल्याण निहित हों। इसके विपरीत आधुनिक विचारकों ने राजनीति को अधिक व्यावहारिक और यथार्थवादी दृष्टि से देखा। मैकियावेली ने राजनीति को सत्ता प्राप्ति, संरक्षण और विस्तार की कला के रूप में परिभाषित किया, जहाँ नैतिकता को
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