Socialist Realism is a literary and artistic method that emerged in the Soviet Union during the early twentieth century and became the officially accepted creative doctrine after 1934. It aimed to depict reality not merely as it existed but as it was developing toward socialism. Literature was expected to inspire optimism, promote collective values, glorify labour, and encourage commitment to the ideals of the working class. The central objective of Socialist Realism was to educate readers ideologically by presenting positive heroes who overcame difficulties through faith in socialist ideals and collective action. Although the term was formally adopted after Maxim Gorky's novel *Mother* was published, the novel is widely regarded as one of the foundational works that anticipated and shaped the principles of Socialist Realism. Gorky's *Mother* is set against the background of industrial Russia, where factory workers endure poverty, exploitation, and political oppression under the Tsarist regime. The novel reflects the harsh realities of working-class life while simultaneously presenting hope for social transformation.