Question
हेनरी पिरेन
Answer :
Word Count : 596
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हेनरी पिरेन (Henri Pirenne) बीसवीं शताब्दी के प्रसिद्ध बेल्जियम इतिहासकार थे, जिन्होंने मध्यकालीन यूरोप के सामाजिक, आर्थिक तथा सांस्कृतिक इतिहास के अध्ययन में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया। उनका जन्म 23 दिसम्बर 1862 को बेल्जियम के वेरवियर्स में हुआ और 1935 में उनका निधन हुआ। पिरेन ने मध्यकालीन यूरोप के इतिहास की पारंपरिक व्याख्याओं को चुनौती देते हुए नए दृष्टिकोण प्रस्तुत किए। उनकी सबसे प्रसिद्ध कृति *Mohammed and Charlemagne* है, जिसमें उन्होंने यूरोप में प्राचीन से मध्यकालीन समाज में परिवर्तन की प्रक्रिया का नवीन विश्लेषण किया। पिरेन का सबसे प्रसिद्ध प्रतिपादन "पिरेन सिद्धांत" (Pirenne Thesis) के नाम से जाना जाता है। इस सिद्धांत के अनुसार पश्चिमी रोमन साम्राज्य का पतन 476 ईस्वी में होने के बावजूद यूरोप की आर्थिक एवं सामाजिक संरचना में तत्काल कोई क्रांतिकारी परिवर्तन नहीं आया। उनके अनुसार रोमन परंपराएँ,
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