Question
सकारात्मक सुदृढ़ीकरण (Positive Reinforcement)
Answer :
Word Count : 549
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सकारात्मक सुदृढ़ीकरण मनोविज्ञान में व्यवहार को प्रोत्साहित करने की एक महत्वपूर्ण प्रक्रिया है, जिसका उपयोग परामर्श के क्षेत्र में व्यक्ति के सकारात्मक व्यवहारों को बढ़ाने और वांछित परिवर्तन लाने के लिए किया जाता है। इसमें किसी व्यवहार के बाद ऐसा सुखद या प्रोत्साहनकारी परिणाम दिया जाता है, जिससे भविष्य में उस व्यवहार के दोहराए जाने की संभावना बढ़ जाती है। उदाहरण के लिए, यदि कोई विद्यार्थी नियमित रूप से अध्ययन करता है और परामर्शदाता उसकी प्रशंसा करता है, तो विद्यार्थी में नियमित अध्ययन की प्रवृत्ति मजबूत हो सकती है। सकारात्मक सुदृढ़ीकरण का आधार व्यवहारवादी मनोविज्ञान में निहित है। बी. एफ. स्किनर ने ऑपेरेंट कंडीशनिंग के माध्यम से यह स्पष्ट किया कि व्यवहार उसके परिणामों से प्रभावित होता है। जब किसी व्यवहार के बाद व्यक्ति को संतोषजनक परिणाम प्राप्त होता है, तो उस व्यवहार के दोबारा होने की
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