Question
शक्ति क्या है? शक्ति के साधनों की चर्चा कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 813
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Skip in 10
शक्ति समाजशास्त्र की एक केंद्रीय अवधारणा है, जिसके माध्यम से यह समझा जाता है कि समाज में व्यक्ति, समूह या संस्थाएँ दूसरों के व्यवहार, निर्णय और कार्यों को किस प्रकार प्रभावित या नियंत्रित करती हैं। समाज में संसाधनों, अवसरों, अधिकारों तथा निर्णय लेने की क्षमता का समान वितरण नहीं होता, इसलिए शक्ति का महत्व और भी बढ़ जाता है। शक्ति केवल राजनीतिक क्षेत्र तक सीमित नहीं है, बल्कि परिवार, शिक्षा, धर्म, अर्थव्यवस्था, प्रशासन तथा सामाजिक संगठनों सहित समाज के प्रत्येक क्षेत्र में विद्यमान रहती है। प्रसिद्ध समाजशास्त्री मैक्स वेबर के अनुसार शक्ति वह संभावना है जिसके द्वारा कोई व्यक्ति या समूह विरोध के बावजूद अपनी इच्छा को लागू करने में सफल हो जाता है। इस प्रकार शक्ति का संबंध प्रभाव, नियंत्रण, अधिकार और निर्णय लेने की क्षमता से है। शक्ति की प्रकृति बहुआयामी होती है। यह प्रत्यक्ष या अप्रत्यक्ष, वैध या अवैध, औपचारिक या अनौपचारिक तथा व्यक्तिगत या संस्थागत रूप में दिखाई दे सकती है। शक्ति का प्रयोग सामाजिक व्यवस्था बनाए रखने, विकास कार्यों को संचालित करने तथा सामूहिक लक्ष्यों की प्राप्ति के लिए किया जाता है, किंतु इसका दुरुपयोग शोषण, असमानता और दमन को भी जन्म दे सकता है। शक्ति के अनेक साधन होते
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