Personality refers to the relatively stable and organized pattern of thoughts, feelings, attitudes, behaviours, and emotional responses that makes an individual unique. It develops through the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors and influences how a person perceives and responds to different situations. Personality is not simply a person’s outward appearance or behaviour; it includes inner characteristics such as motives, emotions, beliefs, values, attitudes, and ways of thinking. In counselling psychology, understanding personality is important because it helps the counsellor understand the client’s behaviour, interpersonal relationships, emotional reactions, coping patterns, and individual differences. Personality develops gradually through heredity, family environment, socialisation, culture, education, experiences, and learning. Although personality has considerable stability, it can also change to some extent through life experiences, self-awareness, and psychological intervention. Different psychologists have proposed different approaches to understanding personality, including psychodynamic, behavioural, humanistic, and trait approaches. The trait approach explains personality in terms of relatively enduring characteristics that differ from one individual to another. The Five-Factor Model,