Question
मास्लो के 'आवश्यकताओं के पदानुक्रम' के सिद्धांत की चर्चा कीजिए और सीखने के लिए इसके निहितार्थों का वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 488
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अब्राहम मास्लो का ‘आवश्यकताओं का पदानुक्रम’ सिद्धांत मानव प्रेरणा और व्यवहार को समझने का एक महत्वपूर्ण मनोवैज्ञानिक सिद्धांत है, जो यह मानता है कि व्यक्ति की आवश्यकताएँ एक क्रमबद्ध संरचना में होती हैं और उच्च स्तर की आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति तभी संभव है जब निम्न स्तर की आवश्यकताएँ पर्याप्त रूप से संतुष्ट हों। मास्लो ने आवश्यकताओं को पाँच मुख्य स्तरों में वर्गीकृत किया है—शारीरिक आवश्यकताएँ, सुरक्षा की आवश्यकता, प्रेम एवं संबंध की आवश्यकता, सम्मान की आवश्यकता और आत्मसाक्षात्कार की आवश्यकता। यह सिद्धांत विशेष रूप से बच्चों के सीखने को मार्गदर्शित करने के संदर्भ में अत्यंत उपयोगी है। शारीरिक आवश्यकताएँ जैसे भोजन, पानी,
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