Question
भारत में क्रांतिकारी आंदोलनों में महिलाओं की भूमिका क्या थी?
Answer :
Word Count : 1212
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भारत के राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन में महिलाओं की भूमिका केवल सत्याग्रह, बहिष्कार और जनआंदोलनों तक सीमित नहीं थी, बल्कि उन्होंने क्रांतिकारी आंदोलनों में भी अत्यंत साहस, संगठन क्षमता और बलिदान का परिचय दिया। उन्नीसवीं शताब्दी के उत्तरार्ध और बीसवीं शताब्दी के प्रारंभ में जब ब्रिटिश शासन के विरुद्ध सशस्त्र क्रांति का विचार विकसित हुआ, तब अनेक महिलाओं ने सामाजिक बंधनों को तोड़कर क्रांतिकारी संगठनों में सक्रिय भागीदारी निभाई। उस समय महिलाओं के लिए सार्वजनिक जीवन में प्रवेश करना भी कठिन था, फिर भी उन्होंने हथियारों का परिवहन, गुप्त संदेशों का आदान-प्रदान, क्रांतिकारियों को आश्रय देना, धन संग्रह, प्रचार-प्रसार, सैन्य प्रशिक्षण तथा आवश्यकता पड़ने पर प्रत्यक्ष सशस्त्र कार्रवाई तक में भाग लिया। क्रांतिकारी आंदोलनों में महिलाओं की भागीदारी का सबसे बड़ा महत्व यह था कि उन्होंने स्वतंत्रता संघर्ष को केवल पुरुषों का आंदोलन नहीं रहने दिया। उनके जुड़ने से राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन का सामाजिक आधार व्यापक हुआ और भारतीय समाज में महिलाओं की राजनीतिक चेतना का विकास हुआ। महिलाओं ने यह सिद्ध किया कि देश की स्वतंत्रता के लिए संघर्ष करना उनका भी समान अधिकार और कर्तव्य है। बंगाल क्रांतिकारी आंदोलन महिलाओं की सक्रिय भागीदारी का प्रमुख केंद्र था। अनुशीलन समिति तथा युगांतर जैसे संगठनों में अनेक महिलाओं ने प्रत्यक्ष एवं अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से कार्य किया। उन्होंने क्रांतिकारियों के लिए सुरक्षित ठिकानों की व्यवस्था की, गुप्त बैठकों का आयोजन किया तथा ब्रिटिश पुलिस की गतिविधियों की जानकारी पहुँचाई। महिलाओं पर सामान्यतः ब्रिटिश अधिकारियों का संदेह कम होता था, इसलिए वे महत्वपूर्ण दस्तावेज, हथियार और संदेश सुरक्षित रूप से एक स्थान से दूसरे स्थान तक पहुँचाने में सफल रहती थीं। प्रीतिलता वाड्डेदार भारतीय क्रांतिकारी आंदोलन की सबसे प्रसिद्ध महिला सेनानियों में थीं। वे मास्टरदा सूर्यसेन के नेतृत्व वाले चटगाँव शस्त्रागार विद्रोह से जुड़ी
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