Language and text are the two fundamental components of translation training. A translator must understand not only the linguistic structure of the source and target languages but also the nature, purpose, and context of the text. Therefore, discourse on text and language occupies a central place in translation studies, as it enables translators to produce meaningful, accurate, and culturally appropriate translations. Language is a structured system of communication consisting of sounds, words, grammar, and meanings. It reflects the culture, history, and social values of a speech community. Every language has its own vocabulary, syntax, idioms, stylistic conventions, and pragmatic features. In translation training, language is viewed as more than a collection of words; it is considered a medium through which ideas, emotions, intentions, and cultural values are expressed. Therefore, translators must possess a thorough command of both the source language and the target language. A text is a meaningful unit of communication that may be written or spoken. It consists of sentences connected through cohesion and coherence to convey a complete message. A text can take various forms such as literary works, legal documents, scientific reports, advertisements, speeches, news articles, technical manuals, or official correspondence. In translation, the text is the primary unit of analysis rather than isolated words or sentences. The translator must understand the overall purpose, structure, style, and intended audience before