Question
ऊर्जा के स्रोत के रूप में जानवर
Answer :
Word Count : 600
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भारतीय इतिहास में सामाजिक संरचनाओं के विकास को समझने के लिए ऊर्जा के स्रोतों का अध्ययन अत्यंत महत्त्वपूर्ण है। औद्योगिक युग से पहले मानव समाज मुख्यतः मानव श्रम, पशु शक्ति, जल तथा पवन ऊर्जा पर निर्भर था। इनमें जानवर ऊर्जा के सबसे प्रभावी और व्यापक स्रोतों में से एक थे। पशुओं ने केवल कृषि उत्पादन को बढ़ाने में ही नहीं, बल्कि परिवहन, व्यापार, युद्ध, शिल्प, सिंचाई तथा सामाजिक-आर्थिक संगठन के विकास में भी निर्णायक भूमिका निभाई। प्रागैतिहासिक काल में पशुओं के पालतू बनाए जाने से मानव जीवन में क्रांतिकारी परिवर्तन आया। बैल, घोड़े, ऊँट, भैंस, हाथी, गधे तथा खच्चरों जैसे पशुओं ने मानव श्रम का भार कम किया और उत्पादन क्षमता में वृद्धि की। कृषि के विस्तार के साथ बैलों द्वारा हल चलाना भारतीय ग्रामीण अर्थव्यवस्था का आधार बन गया। इससे अधिक भूमि की जुताई संभव हुई, अधिशेष
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